Plants that grow in different types of soils

 Examples of plants that grow best in Sandy soil:



catmint purple flowers
Photo: Edward Gohlich

Sandy soil can be a challenge for gardeners. It has a reputation for being one of the poorest soils for growing plants because it’s low in nutrients and doesn’t hold much water. It also warms and cools quickly in response to air temperature, causing some plants to go dormant earlier in the fall than they would in, say, a rich, loamy soil.

Sandy soil has one big upside, though: It drains well. It’s an excellent choice for plants that like dry conditions and are prone to root rot. In general, plants that prefer sandy soil are happy being dry and do well with few nutrients—meaning less watering and fertilizing for you. Check out this list of flowers, herbs, vegetables, and trees that thrive in sandy soil.

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Yarrow

pink yarrow paprika blooms
Matthew Benson

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is a tough perennial with feathery, fern-like foliage and showy flowerheads that are clusters of tiny white, yellow, red, or pink flowers. This plant tolerates poor and rocky soil and is very heat- and drought-tolerant. Yarrow is native to North America and popular with pollinators. Plus, deer and rabbits won’t eat it. ‘Firefly Sunshine’ is a popular yarrow hybrid that produces yellow blooms.

Size: 2 to 3 feet tall and wide

Zones: 3–10

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Cosmos

purple and white cosmos flowers in field
Carson Downing

Cosmos (Cosmos spp.) are annuals with daisy-like flowers that thrive in well-drained, alkaline soil in full sun. They’re drought-tolerant plants that grow best in relatively dry soil. They attract pollinators and produce pink, purple, orange, yellow, white, and maroon flowers. They grow best when sown directly in the garden. ‘Sensation’ is a classic variety of cosmos that bears white, pink, rose, and crimson flowers that are 3-4 inches in diameter.

Size: 1 to 6 feet tall and 1 to 3 feet wide

Zones: 2–11

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Lavender

'Betty's Blue' English Lavender
Laurie Black

Lavender (Lavandula spp.) is a resilient, sun-loving perennial that can take drought, heat, and poor soil and keep cranking out spikes of blue or purple flowers. The only thing lavender cannot deal with is soggy soil, so this is a go-to plant if your soil is rocky and sandy. Deer won’t eat lavender, and it can handle a slope. Harvest the blooms of this herb for cosmetic and culinary purposes, but keep in mind that not all varieties of lavender are edible. Some are ornamental only. English lavender is one of the hardiest types, with ‘Munstead’ and ‘Hidcote’ being two of the most popular English lavenders.

Size: 1 to 3 feet tall and wide

Zones: 5–9


Examples of clay soil:

Autumn joy sedum grows well in clay soil
 

The Spruce / Letícia Almeida

Clay soil is one of the most challenging soil conditions a gardener can face. It's wet and dense, and it can bake as solid as a brick in the sun. This soil type leaves little room for air and water movement for plants.

Choosing plants to grow in clay soil takes some discretion. Some plants tolerate clay soil and help break up and improve its texture and drainage. Although you'll still need to meet other growing requirements, including sun exposure and USDA hardiness zones, here are 25 plants that grow in clay soil. (Full sun plants are listed first.)

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    Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii)

    Big bluestem
     

    CarbonBrain / Getty Images 

    Big bluestem is a warm-season grass that loves arid growing conditions. It's used as an ornamental plant and is popular for erosion control. The plant is tolerant of most soils. In fertile, moist conditions, it experiences lots of growth; in less fertile, dry soil, it is less likely to flop.

    • USDA Growing Zones: 4 to 9
    • Color Varieties: Red-purple
    • Sun Exposure: Full sun
    • Soil Needs: Average, well-draining
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    Black-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta)

    Black-eyed Susan flowers with bright yellow radiating petals on tall stems
     

    The Spruce / Evgeniya Vlasova

    Black-eyed Susans are a staple in gardens because they are adaptable and low maintenance. They will bloom for months and live for years. The plant tolerates a range of soils as long as it has good drainage. It grows best in rich, moist soil.

    • USDA Growing Zones: 3 to 7
    • Color Varieties: Yellow, orange
    • Sun Exposure: Full sun
    • Soil Needs: Average, medium moisture, well-draining
  • Ligustrum sinense 'Sunshine' (Ligustrum sinense 'Sunshine')0

    Ligustrum sinense ‘Sunshine’

    Ligustrum sinense ‘Sunshine’ is a shrub that can grow 50cm – 1.5m tall and 50cm – 1.5m wide. In this growing guide we’ll learn the cultivation details and how to plant Ligustrum sinense ‘Sunshine’....


 


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